Process of treating milk and the like.



N. D. NIELSEN. PROCESS OF TREAHNG MILK AND THE UKE;

Patented Aug. 6, 1918. Q c

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22. 1918.

.NIELS D. NIELSEN INVENTOR' B 0 TT ORTVEY Messier-see .;1 atented?Aug.o, 191s;

WnigflinaI application fi1ed'February 9, 191-8, Seria1 No; 216,62 2.' Divided and this application and march 22,

1918.v Seri To all it mug ii cofioei-n: A I I Be'it knownfj-that' If a citizen of the United States,cres1d1ng at Elyria', in'the county of Lorain 'and State; of Ohio, have=inventedcerta1nnew and use-c.

-ful Improvements in Processes of Treating Milk andrithe like; and l do herebydeolare the following to: be a; full iclea-r, and; exact description of: the invent1on,-such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appert'ains .to: make and use the same;

This application is a divisionof'my applicationNo;*2l6 622,=-filedFeb. 9, 1918.

. This invention-relates to-processes for.

treating and handling milk "or-thelike, and has forits principal object :the rovision of I an imprdvedx jaroces'sa for? eliminating" any possibility ofinfecti'on 'of the milk, its -cer-' tam"; and proper i-preservation and.) for: 'a simplification: ofsuch -processes. Y One of: the objectsu of theinvent-io'n is to provide Fa simple; '-'economical:- and eflicient process for "treating milkor the like, and of providing means for cooling the" milk in the container in-which it has been sterilized, and of preserving it at a *low temperature in suchwconditiomuntilit'is to be'fdrawn for use, for-example; into "tainers orthe -likei- I I Other and further obj eots of the invention will appear froman examination of the following description of--;an= embodiment of my invention 'an'd ofthe' f'appended claims, and f'1'om an" ins'pection of "the accompanying drawings which are made a part of" this specifications ldiiig 'and romerwise --"-'liquid "m cca-Manse? y invent on. the embodiment f, h tank'fis flclo'sedf "b aicop i I an prefer 1 provid d with a lining '5 of glass I l) or enaine The major portion of thefta'nk sho 7 between the tank p roperii and t8 is shown an apron, which NIELS D. NIELSEN,"

controlled by a valve 13.

bottles small 'con- .qsleeve .34 mounted iih tlfe-walls Meansthroughwhichlthepropeller is provided and here consists era lilley I i 's'crib fofthisl ed a i k tj 6; providing an No. 228,909.

same gas-proof. The apron- S'may be concloses the top of (the space making the A nected to the tank in any suitable-manner; i

such as by welding. Thetop 4 is provided Wlth a manhole 9"having a cover 10 thereto i for adapted to suitably close themanhole"- in the top of the tank. {This cover may befi Temovably connectedto "a sleeve 11m the top of the tank.- A vent tube 12 may be -mountedrupon the manhole cover lQ and" A discharge pipe 14 leads from ing15 through thespa'ce 7 and an opening 16 in the jacket 6 toany suitable destination; A valve 117 is provided for controlling this discharge pipe 14. Vacuun'1; and pressure'f gages are shown at 18*and 19 mounted in 9 position to 1 communicate 'with the interior goflthe tankandwiththe' space7, respec-*-"* tively. A- passage 20 connectsthegage .18

to the space'7 and apassage 22 connectsthe i. interior of the tank to the pressure g'age'IQ and-to'a safety valve"21. The gage's and safety valve, of course known construction. r A steam supply pipe i ing from a suitable sourceio'f steam is employed to indicate and record'the teinfimay be'ofany we11- 1 s shown-at 25-, leadv (n shown) to the space 7 and is controlled by a a valve26. A recording theremometer 27 '1 1 ss' ktovvh'ich v tank is P i d Wlthag tatin means, here shown as ,a propeller? 32 mount i b ybr ri titt th de e ite r'rr tiirellz I I Apparatusisprovidedfor pr i n an i introducing a oli m d u to hes ew 7, here" shown as, an icQcheIst for is shown the icechest properfilled with ice brine, 'a' r'rd means for. introducing itiitoisa'id space and'withdrawing itthe'refrom. At 50 I 51. A brine chamber is shown at 52, separated from the ice chest proper by a screen 53. A brine pump is shown at 54, which, when operated, causes the brine to flow through the intake 55 and the discharge pipe 56 to a delivery pipe 57, whence it is delivered to the walls of the tank and the space 7. The deliverypipe 57 is best formed to completely surround the tank and is pro- Vided with a plurality of perforations 58 and jets 59 from which the cooling fluid is sprayed upon the various portions of the wall of the tank in such a manner as to run down the walls in a sheet. A valve 60 controls the'pipe 56. A second valve 61.. con- 'trols a pipe 62 leading from any source of water at ordinary-temperature, such .as a city main, to the delivery pipe '57. I

It will be apparent that the valve 60 may be closed and the valve 61 opened, when water of ordinary temperature is to be supplied to the tank.

The brine is returned through a pipe 65' to a feed pipe 68, which is "controlled by a valve 69. The brine flowing through 65, 69 and 68 is returned to the ice chest through openings 70 in the feed pipe 68. discharge pipe is shown at 71 controlled by a valve 72. When it is desired to discharge the brine rather than return it to the ice chest, the valve 69 may beclosed and 72 opened. At 73 is'shown an overflow pipe for the brine chamber 52, and which leads from' an overflow opening 74 therein towaste. Suitable means are provided for supporting the tank and associate structure, such as columns 80. The ice chest is supported by blocks 81 and is covered with a suitable cover 82. The pipe 68 is dead-ended by a cap 83. A safety valve 84 is employed in connection with the pipe 56.

The valves, both ordinary and safety, may be of any suitableform, many of which are upon the market. I may also use any suitableform of pump at 54 for conveying the brine to the jacket chamber 7, or it will be apparent that any other suitable means may be employed for causing the brine to flow into such chamber.

In practising my. improved method or process of treating milk or the like, a supply of milk to be operated upon is placed in the treating chamber 100 inclosed by the walls 5,

and the same is pasteurized, by introducing the heating medium, such, for example, as steam, which may be introduced to the space 7 through the pipe 25. During the exposure of the contents of the chamber 100 to such heating medium, the agitator 32 is operated to -quickly and uniformly expose all particles of the contents of such chamber to such heating medium. a

The contents of the chamber having this been pasteurized, the valve 26 is closed, leaving the space 7 filled with steam, which is milk or the like in the tank may thus brine or other steam condensin medium.

In the embodiment shown this lSlIltI'OdllCGd through, the feed pipe 57 from the source connected with pipe 62, or through the pipe 56 from the cooling apparatus. The condensation of the steam in space 7 leaves a vacuum or partial vacuum therein, which acts as a heat insulating medium and pre serves the contents of the chamber 100 at a constant or substantially constant tempera ture for as long a period of time as is desirable in this work; for example, the contents of the tank may be brought to a temperature of 142 F. or 145 F. and maintained at such temperature for thirty minutes.

It is very important to cool the milk or the like,without removing it from the chamber in which it was pasteurized, to avoid exposing'it to contamination durin such mov- ,about 36 F. When such temperature is reached, the pump 54 is stopped and the valve 60 is closed so as to prevent further introduction of cooling brine to the space 7. The brine, however, is permittedto drain from the chamber 7 so as to empty the chamber thereof. It is important to maintain the contents. of the tank at the temperature to which it has thus been brought, often for some'hours. It is also important to accomplish .this purpose without removing the contents of the tank from such tank, in order not to expose it to contamination. This step of my invention is accomplished in the fol.-

lowing way: i r

The valves 69 and72 are closed and valve 26 is opened, permitting enough steam to flow through the pipe 25 to fill the s ace 7 between the walls 3 and 6.. The va ve 26 is then closed. Enough-of cooling water is then introduced through the distributing pipe 57 to condense the steam in 7, and thereby produce a vacuum or substantially a vacuum in such space, which, acting as a heat insulating medium, prevents the access of heat to the contents of the tank, whereby the temperature of such contents is maintained constant, or substantially constant for thedesired period of time. The condensing fluid may be introduced to the space 7 either through the pipe 62 controlled by the valve 61, or the pipe 56 controlled by the valve 60.

It will be apparent that the supply of e pre s ervediat substantially the temperatureto which it has been reduced, for considerable eriods oftime, and that'it maybe w th-1 ravyn from the tank, for use,.into bottlesfpr the like, without any opportumty of Its having been infected, and with certamty of itspurity.

I have illustratedand described this embodiment of my invention for the purposeof better explaining the same. I do not w1sh to be limited to such embodiment, or the details thereof; as I contemplate many departures there rom withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention, which is set forth in the appended claims.

I claim p 1. The method of treating milk or like liquid, which consists in steri izing the same, then cooling said liquid to about 36 1". and. then filling a space surrounding or substantially surrounding a vessel containing said liquid with a condensable gas and then condensing said gas and thereby creating a heat insulating vacuum about said liquid and then thus maintaining the temperature of such liquid at about 36 F. for a desired length of time.

2. The methodof treatin milk or like liquid, which consists in ster izing the same by heat applied to the vessel containin the liquidthrough a heating medium con ed in aspace between the walls of such vessel 'and a jacket thereabout, then cooling said liquid to about 36 F. by applying to such vessel a cooling medium in said-space, then withdrawing such cooling medium and fillliquid, which consists in ster izing the same ing said space with steam and then condensing the steam in such space by introducing cold "water into such space.

3. The method of treatin milk or like liquid, which consists in'steri 'zing the same by filling a space surrounding or substantlally surrounding such liquid with a heating medium, then introducin to such space a .cooling medium to cool said liquid, then when said liquid is cooled toa desired temperature, introducln to such space a con- .densa'ble gas and con ensln said gas, thereby surrounding or substantially surrounding said liquid with a heat, insulating-vacuum and thereby maintaining such liquid at a low temperature for a desired length of time. 4. The method of treating, milk or like liquid, which consists-in sterilizing the same.

by heat applied to the vessel containing the same through a heatin medium confined ina space between the wa ls of such vessel and ,a jacket thereabo'ut, then'cooling such liquid to about 36? F. and creatin a heat insulating vacuum about such liquid by filling such space with a condensable gas and condensing such gas and then maintainin such liquid at such temperature for a dc period of time. v

5. The method -of treating milk or like space, then withdrawin dlum and again filling said space with steam sired liquid, which consists in sterilizing the-same by heat applied tothe vesselcontainin' the mediumcon 7 "ed same through a" heating in a' space about said liquid, then cooling such liquid "to a desired lowtemperature and maintaining suchliquid at] substantially such temperature by creating a heat" i u'.

latin vacuum in such space.

he method of treating milk or the like, which consists in sterilizing the same by top thereof and permitted to flow down the walls of said vessel and thereby condensing said steam andv creating aheat insulating vacuum in such space.

7. The method of treating milk or like liquid, which consists in sterilizing the-same, cooling said liquid-to about 36 F. by applyin a cooling medium, ina space surroun ing or substantially surrounding a vessel containin such liquid, withdrawing such coolin me ium andfilling said space with a con ensable gas and then condensin said gas by introducing cool water to sue space and thereby creating a heat insulating vacuum.

8. The method of treatin milk or like by heating the same to a temperature of a o said steam and thereby creating a vacuum f or partial vacuum in said space to insulate said liquid from exterior heat, then thereby maintalning such liquid at a constant temperatureyof 142 to 145 F. forabout thirty minutes, cooling said liquid to about 36" F. by applying a cooling medium in such and then'oondensing said steam by again introducing suflicient cooling medium to said space to condense said steam and'there- I by creating a heat insulating vacuum about saidliquid, whereby it may be maintained at the, temperature to which it has been reuced.

.' 9. The -method of treating milk or the like, which consists in sterilizing the same bheating the same to a temperature of a out 145 F. by filling .aspace surroundingsaid cooling me: p

;& 1,274,750

by creating a vacuum or partial vacuum in condensing said gas by introducing cooling 10 said space to insulate such liquid from heat, water to .such space and thereby creating then thereby maintaining such liquid at a a heat insulating'vacuum about said space, constant temperature for about thirty minwhereby the temperature of the liquid may utes, then introducing to said space a 0001- be maintained constant for a suitable period ing medium suflicient to reduce the temperaof time. L ture of the liquid to about 36 F., then With- In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed drawin such cooling medium and again fil1- my name this 11th day of March, 1918.

ing said space with a condensable gas then NIELS D. NIELSEN. 

